A pronoun is a word which is used instead of a noun. A pronoun is used instead of a noun to avoid repetition of a noun in an essay. e.g. she, he, they, it, her, his, him, its

Pronouns are classified into following types:

1. Personal Pronouns
2. Possessive Pronouns
3. Demonstrative Pronouns
4. Reflexive Pronouns
5. Relative Pronouns
6. Reciprocal Pronouns

A personal pronoun refers a specific person or object or group of things directly.
e.g.  He, I, she, you, it, they me,, who, him, whom her, them etc.

A person pronoun describes a person or a thing in following ways.

1st Person: (the person who speaks) e.g. I, we, me, us
2nd Person: (the person who is spoken to) e.g. you
3rd Person: (a person or a thing which is spoken about). e.g. she, he, they, it, her, him, them,

Usage of Personal Pronoun:

	Person	Personal Pronouns
		Subjects	Objects
Singular	1st Person	I	Me
	2nd Person	You	You
	3rd Person	He, She, It	Him, Her, It
Plural	1st Person	We	Us
	2nd Person	You	You
	3rd Person	They	Them

Examples:

She is an intelligent teacher.
They were going to market.
He bought some nice books.
She shouted for help.

A possessive pronoun describes a close possession to or an ownership of or relationship to a noun (a person or a thing).

e.g. his, yours, hers, mine,  ours, theirs, mine, etc

	Person	Possessive Pronouns
Singular	1st Person	Mine
	2nd Person	Yours
	3rd Person	his, Hers, its
Plural	1st Person	Ours
	2nd Person	Yours
	3rd Person	Theirs

Examples:
This book is yours.
This laptop is mine.
That car is hers.
These houses are ours not theirs.
He lost his books. He needs yours.        
This computer is mine, not yours. 

A reflexive pronoun expresses a noun when the subject’s action affects (or influences) the subject itself.
e.g. herself, yourself, himself, ourselves, itself, themselves, are few reflexive pronouns.

A reflexive pronoun always acts as an object, not as subject, and it expresses inter-influence between a subject and the object.

	Persons	Subjects	Reflexive Pronouns
Singular	1st Person	I	Myself
	2nd Person	You	Yourself
	3rd Person	He, she, it	Himself, Herself, Itself
Plural	1st Person	We	Ourselves
	2nd Person	You	Yourselves
	3rd Person	They	Themselves

Examples:

She was looking to herself in the picture.
She locked herself in a room.
He prepared himself for the test.
They considered themselves the happiest people of the world.

A reciprocal pronoun is used when two or more nouns (subjects) are reciprocating to each other or one another in some action.

A reciprocal pronoun is used if two sor more subjects act in a same manner towards each other or one another.

There are two reciprocal pronouns in English language.

• One another
• Each other

Examples:
Two girls pushed each other.
Sara and John love each other.
The people in the party greeted one another.
Two students in exam copied from each other.
The balls on the snooker table collided with one another.

A relative pronoun is a word which is used in relation to a noun and modifies (gives more information about) the same noun.
OR
Relative pronouns are those pronouns that join relative clauses and the relative sentences.

e.g. which, who, that, whom, whose etc.

Example: She is the girl, who sings songs.

The word ‘who’ in above example is a relative pronoun that modifies (tell more about) the noun(girl). The same pronoun joins the sentence ‘she is the girl’ to a clause ‘sings songs’.

Examples:
It is the dog which barks at strangers.
The girl who is walking in the garden is very beautiful
It is the laptop which I like the more.
They were the people who had come out for a strike.

A demonstrative pronoun is the pronoun which points to a noun (a thing or things).

e.g. that, this, those, these, none, neither e.t.c.

In a short distance (or in terms of time): This, these.
In a long distance (or in terms of time): That, those.

Examples:

This is a book.
That is a car.
These are ducks.
Those are birds.
Can you see that?